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[ Locations | Map themes & related | Cartographers ]
[ 19th century regional maps of the U.S. ]
An attractive map of the Wisconsin and Iowa Territories by Thomas Bradford. This map was first issued in the 1838 edition of Bradford's atlas and this example was issued four years later. The area shown on the main includes only the southern part of Wisconsin and the eastern part of Iowa, as this was the only part where there was any significant settlement in 1841. The other parts of the territories are shown in a smaller inset. Settlement in Iowa began with the Black Hawk Purchase of 1833, when the United States purchased the lands north of the Missouri and just to the west of the Mississippi from the Indians. This was after the defeat of the Indians in the Black Hawk War, the conclusion of which also opened up Wisconsin for the first time to white settlements. The original settlement in Wisconsin was in the southwest were there had long been lead mining by the Indians. In the 1840s, this region was producing more than half the nation's lead. The lands in these two territories were originally, in 1834, part of the Michigan Territory, but two years later were spun off as the Wisconsin Territory, when Michigan was made a state. In 1838, Iowa was broken off as its own territory (encompassing today's Dakotas), and then made a state in 1846, five years after this map was issued. Wisconsin, which included most of today's Minnesota, was not made a state until 1848. This is a terrific map of the earliest stages of these territories. Counties are indicated with contrasting color, and detail includes rivers and settlements. $375
"Milwaukee." 1854. 8 x 4 5/8. Wood engraving. Large spot at top; a few small scattered spots. Else, very good condition. $35
J.H. Colton. "Wisconsin." New York: J.H. Colton, 1856. 15 5/8 x 12 3/4. Lithograph. Full original hand-coloring. Full margins. Light time toning. Else, very good condition.
In the mid-nineteenth century, the center of map publishing in America moved from Philadelphia to New York. The Colton publishing firm played a large role in this shift. This map of Wisconsin, with its fine detail, is a strong example of their successful work. The map presents the counties with contrasting pastel shades, and includes depictions of towns, roads, railroads, rivers, and some topography. Each feature is labeled neatly, and the information given extends to beyond the borders of the state. $225
"Johnson's New Railroad and Township Copper plate Map of Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota & Nebraska From The Latest and Best Authorities." New York: A.J. Johnson and Chicago: P. Wyckoff, 1858. 27 x 31. Lithograph transfer from copper plate engraving. Original hand color and elaborate decorative border. Full margins. Some minor staining and chipping at margins. Separated at old folds; expertly joined and conserved. Overall, very good condition and appearance.
A very rare, large scale map of a group of mid-western states. The map was published by A.J. Johnson of New York in conjunction with Chicago publisher P. Wyckoff. Johnson is best known for his atlases which began to appear in 1860, but before this he was involved in the publication of separately issued folding and wall maps. In some cases Johnson put his publication imprint on maps from the Colton firm (from whom he acquired the plates which became his Family Atlas in 1860), but he also published some maps with D.G. Johnson and P. Wyckoff, including this wonderful map of Kansas and Nebraska. The latter is an obscure figure for which only five maps are recorded, including four with Johnson and one with the Colton firm.
This map may have been issued both as a folding map and as a wall map. This particular example is printed on heavy paper typical of a wall map (not the banknote paper of the typical folding map), but it was folded, perhaps for insertion in an atlas. Separately issued maps such as this were made to capture as current information in as much detail as was possible for they were intended to be used by visitors or citizens of the region depicted. This map is an excellent example of this. Because of the size and precision of rendering, every kind of feature is clearly presented, including early roads, settlements of all sizes, survey lines, political boundaries and so forth. This map shows Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, and the very eastern part of Nebraska at a period when these states were growing tremendously. $950
County Map of Michigan, and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1860. 10 3/4 x 13 3/8. Lithograph. Bright original hand color. Very good condition.
The first of a series of attractive maps of the two parallel states by Philadelphia publisher S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr.. Typical of his maps, the detail is clearly presented, with special attention paid to the roads and railroads in these important mid-west states. Surrounded by a decorative border and with bright original color. $150
W.H. Gamble. "County Map of Michigan and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1863. 11 1/2 x 13 1/2. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
The second version of Mitchell's map of Michigan and Wisconsin (cf. above). It appears that Mitchell felt that the scale was too small on the former version, for the states are shown increased in scale by about one third. Mitchell did this by showing less of the surrounding region, but also by having the states cross over his decorative border. With the larger size, the copious detail is easier to read. $125
"Johnson's Michigan and Wisconsin." New York: Johnson & Ward, ca. 1865. 17 3/8 x 24. Lithograph. Original hand color. Faint waterstain in bottom margin. Otherwise, very good condition.
A detailed early map of Wisconsin and Michigan by A.J. Johnson. Johnson, who published out of New York City, was one of the leading cartographic publishers in the latter half of the century, producing popular atlases, geographies and so on. This finely detailed map is an good example of Johnson's, and thus early American, cartography. Towns, roads, and other signs of progressing settlement are indicated. The clear presentation of cartographic information and the warm hand coloring make this an attractive as well as interesting historical document. $175
"Sketch of the Public Surveys in the State of Wisconsin." Washington: General Land Office, 1866. 17 1/8 x 16 1/4. Lithograph by Major & Knapp.. Original outline color. Very good condition.
The U.S. General Land Office (GLO) was established in 1812 with responsibility to survey and control the dispersal of public lands. All public land was required to be surveyed prior to settlement, and the first director of the GLO, Thomas Hutchins, set up a systematic process of rectangular survey for the public lands and launched the great national project to survey and map the public domain in the entire country, a procedure which got under way in the famous "seven ranges" of southeast Ohio. Each surveyor was to record not only geography, but also features of the landscape with economic import, such as roads, Indian trails, existing settlements, Indian lands, mineral deposits, and of particular interest, railroads and their rights of way. Of note is that unlike most surveys of the time, the surveyors were instructed not to apply new names to the landscape, but to use "the received names of all rivers, creeks, lakes, swamps, prairies, hills, mountains and other natural objects." Periodically the GLO would issue maps showing the progress of their surveys, and this map shows how Wisconsin was well covered by 1866. Interesting features are the roads railroads in the state. $250
W.H. Gamble. "County Map of Michigan and Wisconsin." Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr., 1867. 11 1/2 x 13 1/2. Lithograph. Original hand color. Very good condition.
A third version of Mitchell's map of Michigan and Wisconsin (cf. above). This is an updated version of the W.H. Gamble rendering of 1863. Besides a change in the border style, the main change is that there is considerably more railroads shown in southern Michigan, showing the development of that state. $125
"Wisconsin." From Atlas of the World. New York: C. S. Hammond, 1904. 11 x 8. Chromolithograph. Small tear in bottom margin. Otherwise, very good condition.
A detailed and up-to-date map by one of the leading American cartographic firms of the early twentieth century. New York had become the center of American map publishing in the middle of the nineteenth century. Towards the end of the century much of the cartographic industry moved to Chicago and other cities, but the Hammond firm kept New York as an important center of map-making. This map is typical of the company's output, with accurate and clearly presented topographical and geographical detail. $25
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