Antique Maps of Texas
As A Republic

[ Texas as part of New Spain/Mexico | Texas as a republic | Texas as a state ]

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A rare, detailed folding map of the United States by Joseph Edmund Woerl (also Wörl). Of particular note is the depiction of Texas as a republic, as well as interesting and impressive detail in what is today the western half of the United States, apparently based on Brué's 1833 map of North America and his 1834 map of Mexico. The map is quite up-to-date, showing, for instance, the new state of Arkansas (1836), though it is labeled as "Arkansas Terr." The remnant of the Arkansas Territory, essentially present-day Oklahoma, is also entitled Arkansas. Indians tribes, rivers, and some roads are indicated, and Woerl shows the Rocky Mountain ridge, which though not totally accurate, does give a good idea of its course and extent. To the west, between this ridge and the Pacific coastal lands, very little information is given, with a label indicating that this was "Oede Sand Wüste." Woerl does include the geographic error of the double Great Salt Lake, but he doesn't include the usual companion error of rivers running from these lakes to the Pacific. This separately issued map is quite scarce, though a later edition did appear within a guide by Traugott Bromme. $2,300

A.H. Dufour. "Amérique du Nord." Paris: J. Andriveau-Goujon, 1838. Separately issued map, dissected into 18 sections and mounted on linen for folding. 36 x 24 3/4. Engraving. Original outline color. Very good condition. With paper slip cover.

A finely produced map of North America by Adolph Hippolyte Dufour. Detail includes much topography, with a graphic depiction of mountains and many rivers. This is based on an 1834 map by Brué, that included the latest information available, including Lewis & Clark and other early reports. Of note is the double depiction of the Great Salt Lake. Also shown are myriad settlements and political borders. Of particular interest is the depiction of Texas as an independent republic. Dufour leaves blank the then controversial border in the Oregon Territory between Canada and the United States. In the trans-Mississippi west are several Indian districts. This is one of the better pre-Frémont maps of the continent. $1,750

Sidney Hall. "Mexico." Edinburgh: A. & C. Black, 1840. 10 x 14 5/8. Engraving. Original outline color. Very good condition. Inset in lower left of "Guatimala." Phillips Atlases: 777.

A fascinating map of Mexico and the American southwest issued in Edinburgh in 1840. Topography, coastal information, and settlements are shown throughout, with particularly good detail given for Mexico and Texas, the latter of which is shown as a republic. Texas had declared its independence just a few years before this map was issued, and Sidney Hall tried to show the new situation with as good information as he had. The old Mexican internal borders are shown, but Texas is named and is indicated as extending well to the northwest, up towards Santa Fe as claimed by the Texans. The Great Salt Lake is shown, named as "L. Youta or Salt Lake," and on its eastern shore is indicated "American Fur Co.'s Depot." Throughout the region are indications of Indian tribes. Of special interest are the markings of roads and major trade routes, including the great road from Chihuahua north to Santa Fe and the "Gr't Spanish Road" from Natchez west along the Red River to Santa Fe. Overall, this is a fascinating and very up-to-date mapping of this region at an important period in its history. $475

Thomas G. Bradford. "North America." From Samuel G. Goodrich's A General Atlas of the World. Boston: C.D. Strong, 1841. 14 1/8 x 11 3/8. Engraving by G.W. Boynton. Original, somewhat faded hand color. Very good condition.

Texas, the core of the conflict between the two countries, is boldly identified for at this time it was an independent republic, having been established as such in 1836. Detail in the map is very good, but especially so in the northern parts of the Louisiana Purchase. At this time only Louisiana, Arkansas, and Missouri are separated from the rest of this territory. Throughout Bradford clearly depicts the two most important factors in this great western territory: the myriad Indian tribes the many rivers on both sides of the Continental Divide. A terrific map of the period. $650

"Karte von Texas entworfen nach den Vermessungen, welche in den Acten der General-Land-Office der Republic liegen bis zum Jahr 1839." Germany, ca. 1841. 15 3/4 x 12. Lithograph. Excellent condition.

Another German map of Texas as an independent republic. It is from another guide aimed at increasing emigration to Texas. It is very similar to the map above. Of particular interest are the indications of the land grants with which the Adelsverein was involved. West of San Antonio is the (expired) grant of "Bourgnois D'Orvanne et Comp" and to the north is the grant of "Fischer et Comp übernommen vom Verein" (Fisher's grant acquired by the company). This map gives us a glimpse of independent Texas as the Germans who were soon to emigrate to this bountiful land saw it. $3,600

John Dower. "A New Chart of the World on Mercator's Projection with the tracks of the most celebrated & recent navigators." London: Henry Teesdale & Co., 1842. Folding map: dissected and mounted onto linen. Two sections, each ca. 50 x 37 1/4. Engraving by John Dower. Full, original hand color. With original cover, gold stamped title and border. With some occasional spotting, but overall very good condition.

A large, excellent quality British map of the world on the Mercator projection. Issued in 1842, it contains an excellent illustration of Texas as an independent republic. Mexico (pre-Mexican War), the United States, and Texas are shown with strong contrasting colors, emphasizing Texas' independent nature. Elsewhere the map contains as up-to-date and accurate information on the world as any map of the time. This large map was issued here in a folding format for ease of carrying and use; such maps are of considerable interest and much scarcer than the usual atlas maps. $5,800

[North & South America.] London: Chapman & Hall, October 15, 1842. 10 3/4 x 10 1/4. Engraving by J. & C. Walker. Original outline color. Very good condition.

This map was issued by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (SDUK), a wonderful English institution of the mid-nineteenth century. Typical of their maps, copious and exact detail is shown, but what is most notable is that the SDUK was very concerned to keep their maps up-to-date and this map is typical of that. Topographical detail includes mountains and rivers, with many settlements noted. Of particular interest are the political divisions shown, including a border around Texas, which is shown as an independent republic. The precise engraving and neat presentation make this map easy to read, something that is well worth pursuing. $175

"Central America II. Including Texas, California and the Northern States of Mexico." London: Chapman & Hall, October 15, 1842. Engraving by J. & C. Walker. Very good condition. Wheat: 460.

The SDUK regional map of the American southwest, showing the northern parts of Mexico, 'Nueva California,' and Texas as an independent republic. The republic is shown enlarged in the northwest part to include most of present-day New Mexico, extending beyond Santa Fe. A note of some interest is the "Supposed Petrified Forest" in the western part of the republic. The precise engraving and neat presentation make this map easy to read, something that is well worth pursuing. This is a fine example of the quite scarce first edition. $975

J. Dower. "America." London: Henry Teesdale & Co., 1842. 16 1/4 x 13 1/4. Engraving by J. Dower. Original color. Excellent condition.

Another map of the western hemisphere showing Texas as an independent republic. Detailed topographical information is clearly presented throughout, and many of the islands in the surrounding oceans are also shown and named. Political divisions are indicated with pastel outline color. $425

John Dower. "Mexico and Guatimala." From A New General Atlas of the World. London: Henry Teesdale & Co., 1842. 13 3/8 x 16 3/8. Engraving by J. Dower. Original outline color. Very good condition.

This map shows Texas as independent republic, with a note which states "The Province of TEXAS acknowledged an Independent State by Grt. Brtain, Novr. 1840." Detail of Texas, Mexico, and the rest of Central America is excellent, with mountains, rivers, lakes, towns, and some forts noted throughout. Also indicated, as noted under the title, are mines, an important economic factor in the region. Each province and country is indicated with contrasting pastel shades, with the British possessions noted in red. Historically of considerable note and quite attractive as well, this is a wonderful document of Texana interest. $1,250

Carl Flemming. "Nord America." Glogau, Germany: C. Flemming, 1844. 12 1/8 x 16. Lithograph by C. Flemming. Original outline color. Two light spots at bottom and light stains at edge. Overall, very good condition.

Carl Flemming was the founder of an important German firm located in Berlin and Glogau and this map shows characteristic German detail. The focus of the map is on the topography and political situation in the continent. The Rocky Mountain chain is graphically, and somewhat confusedly, depicted, showing the Great Basin in the American southwest with no interior information. Of note is the depiction of Texas as an independent republic, a heart-shaped entity shown between the U.S. and Mexico. In the northwest the border to the Oregon Territory is depicted from the American viewpoint, extending well into present-day Canada. $525

Carl Flemming. "Vereinigte Staaten Von Nord-America." Glogau, Germany: C. Flemming, 1844. 12 x 16 1/8. Lithograph by C. Flemming. Original outline color. Some slight toning at edges. Overall, very good condition.

A map of the United States by Flemming, focusing on the the topography and political situation of the country, including Texas shown as a republic. The mountains and rivers in the northwest are shown quite graphically, and the northern part of the Great Basin is shown with a mistaken, double-image of the Great Salt Lake, and from the southern lake an equally non-existent river flows to the Pacific. The trans-Mississippi region shows mostly rivers, mountains and many Indian tribes A numbered key in the lower left is used to name the states and territories, and to give their areas and populations. An unusual feature of interest is the "Grosse National Strasse" (Great National Road) that is shown running from Washington D.C. to St. Louis. $525

Henry S. Tanner. "Mexico & Guatemala." Philadelphia: Carey & Hart, [1834]-1844. 12 3/4 x 14 3/4. Engraving by J. Knight. Original color. Very good condition. Two insets are included: of the Valley of Mexico and Guatemala. Cf: Wheat: 519.

An excellent map of Mexico by the great American cartographer, Henry Schenck Tanner. In 1816, Henry, his brother Benjamin, John Vallance and Francis Kearny formed an engraving firm in Philadelphia. Having had experience at map engraving through his work with John Melish, Tanner conceived of the idea of compiling and publishing an American Atlas, which was begun in 1819 by Tanner, Vallance, Kearny & Co. Soon Tanner took over the project on his own, and thus began his career as a cartographic publisher. The American Atlas was a huge success, and this inspired Tanner to produce his Universal Atlas, of more manageable size. This atlas contained excellent maps of all parts of the world. This map is typical of his work. The map shows Mexico just before the Mexican-American War, during which the country lost its northern provinces to the United States. In that region, the detail in New Mexico, along the Rio Grande to north of Santa Fe, is quite accurate, but the information in Upper California is not so correct. In particular, Tanner shows the two non-existent rivers flowing from the Great Basin to the Pacific. The R. Timpanogos flows from the Great Salt Lake to San Francisco Bay, while the equally non-existent R. S. Bueanaventura flows from equally distant inland further south. Issued first in 1834, the map was updated and reissued by Tanner over the years, for instance in this map Tanner has added Houston and Austin to Texas. Texas is here shown as an independent republic, making this map particular desirable as well as historically fascinating. $850

Sidney E. Morse. "Texas." New York: S.E. Morse & Samuel Breese, 1844. 15 x 12. Cereograph. Very good condition. Framed.

A rare map of Texas as a Republic. It was issued in Sidney Morse's important Cerographic Atlas, which was the first atlas to use the process of cerography. Cerography, or wax engraving, was developed as a process that was easy to use and that work with power relief presses. The process was so successful, that by the late nineteenth century it became the preeminent process for American map making, used by such firms as Cram and Rand, McNally. The first map made by cerography was Morse's map of Connecticut that appeared in The New York Observer in 1839, with Morse completing his atlas in 1845. The atlas contained this excellent map showing Texas its last year of independence. The detail shows some topography, rivers, counties, and settlements, as well as the fairly extensive network of roads criss-crossing the republic. $1.200

Alexander Keith Johnston. "United States and Texas." From National Atlas of Historical, Commercial and Political Geography. Edinburgh, London & Glasgow, ca. 1844. 19 1/2 x 24 1/8. Lithograph. Full original color. Above title is "Lithographed Edition." Very good condition. With inset of Niagara River.

The British A.K. Johnston firm produced finely detailed maps around the middle of the nineteenth century, and this is one of their more interesting productions. Typically of British maps of this period, the detail is dense yet clearly presented, and very up-to-date. West of the Mississippi is a large, elongated Iowa Territory, reaching from the Missouri River to the Canadian border. For Texas, shown as an independent republic, the borders, colored red, are a rendering of the pre-Compromise of 1850 borders, extending from the Rio Grande to the Arkansas, encompassing Santa Fe and even beyond Pike's Peak. Information within Texas is quite good, with many rivers, some orography, as well as settlements and roads. A note in the bottom left corner states "The Independence of Texas was formally declared in March 1836. It was recognized by Great Britain in Novr. 1840; and has been acknowledged by the United States, France, Holland and Belgium." $1,650

Carl Radefeld. "Nord-Americanishce Freistaaten. Nach den besten Quellen entw. u. gezeiehn v. Hauptm. Radefeld. 1845." Hildburghhausen: J.Meyer, 1845. 11 1/2 x 13 7/8. Engraving. Original outline color. With some light staining and mottling. Otherwise, very good condition.

A scarce German map of the United States, with Texas shown as an independent republic, and Mexico just before it lost Upper California in the Mexican-American War. Twenty-six states are indicated and named with a numbered key in the bottom left. In the far northwest is the Oregon Territory as claimed by the British, with borders that encompass much of present-day Washington as part of Canada. In the region that was then still the Upper California province of Mexico, Radefeld shows the current geographic errors of the double image of the Great Salt Lake and the non-existent rivers running from these lakes into San Francisco Bay. The lands between the Oregon Territory and the indicated states is broken into districts, including the Huron (essentially present-day Wisconsin), Ozark (where today's Oklahoma lies), Sioux, Mandan, and Osage. Though Texas, depicted the year before it was annexed into the United States, has a smaller territory than its citizens claimed, the borders are close to those current, aside from the exclusion of the panhandle. $575

Carl Radefeld. "Neueste Karte von Mexico Nach den besten Quellen entw. u. gezeiehn vom Hauptm. Radefeld. 1845" Hildburghhausen: J.Meyer, 1845. 11 1/2 x 14 1/4. Engraving. Original outline color. With mottling to paper and water stains, especially in margins. Otherwise, good condition.

Another map drawn by Carl Radefeld issued in J. Meyer's Grosser Zeitungs Atlas. Most of the maps from this atlas are based on Henry Tanner, but not this map, which shows more detail than Tanner-some correct and some not. Texas, shown as an independent republic, has a heart shape, with the present-day panhandle being depicted as part of the Mexican province of New Mexico. This province and Upper California, today's southwestern part of the United States, is fairly spare of geographic information, and what is there is quite mistaken. Radefeld shows the then current geographic errors of a doubled Great Salt Lake, as well as rivers running from these lakes to the Pacific. Overall, a fascinating and attractive map. $575

Sidney Hall. "North America." London, 1846. 15 x 10. Engraving by S. Hall. Original outline color. Spot in upper right, and some mottling to paper. Chip in bottom left corner. Overall, very good condition.

This map of North America was issued in 1846, the year after Texas was annexed by the United States. However, the map was produced before that event was known by the mapmaker and so Texas is shown as an independent republic. Hall did drawn in the U.S. border north of Texas, but he does not highlight the southern border of Texas and Mexico with hand color. Thus, though Texas is named separately, and had been independent for a decade, Hall does not firmly commit to its detachment from Mexico. The Rocky Mountains are shown as a simple ridge, and while the Columbia River is drawn with some correctness, the Great Basin region is not very accurate. Hall includes the common mistake of the period of a double Great Salt Lake, and indicates by dotted lines possible rivers running from both of these lakes to the Pacific Ocean. A nice example of British mapping from the period. $145

"Mexico & Guatimala With Texas." Glasgow: J. Lothian, 1846. Engraving. Original outline color. External decorative border trimmed, but entire map present. Very good condition.

A rare Scottish map of the southern half of North America, showing Texas as an independent republic. An earlier version of this map did not reference Texas in the title but showed it as part of Mexico, despite its independence declared in 1836. Information was slow to cross the Atlantic, and European publishers were sometimes reluctant to make quick revisions. In 1846, Lothian issued a new edition of the map showing an independent Texas very clearly, with its enlarged border extending to the Rio Grande. Interestingly, however, by the time the map was published, Texas had become an American state, so Lothian was out-of-date once again. Still, this is one of the scarcer maps showing Texas as a Republic. $750

Victor Levasseur. "Amerique Septentrionale." Paris: A. Combette, 1847. 11 1/4 x 17. Engraving by Laguillermie. Original outline coloring. Full margins. Very good condition.

One of the most decorative maps of North America. The cartographic depiction of the continent is set into a dramatic and colorful illustration of the terrain, peoples, flora, fauna and produce of the Nouveau Continen." Drawn by painter Raimond Bonheur, the border of the map is a collage of impressions of the 'wonders' of North America, illustrating the fabulous image it still projected into the minds of mid-nineteenth century Europeans. The geographical information of the map is also of interest. The United States is shown extending to the Pacific Ocean, including the disputed area north of what was to become Washington State that was established as part of Canada by the treaty of 1846. And though Texas had been annexed by the United States in 1845, it is here shown as it appeared when an independent nation. $450

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