Ehrgott & Forbriger Prints
-Portraits of Civil War Army Officers-

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Perhaps in late 1861, but certainly by mid-1862, the Cincinnati lithographic firm of Ehrgott, Forbriger & Co. began to issue a series of portraits of Civil War figures: politicians as well as military and naval officers. As discussed in Milt Kaplan's "Heads of States" (Winterthur Portfolio 6. Charlottesville, 1970 Pp. 135-150), prints of different figures share the same, or very similar backgrounds, with the identical horses, landscapes, troops, ships, desks, and so forth. We have recorded 52 different military figures, appearing in 62 different images, sharing fifteen backgrounds (six of which have variations, for a total of 27 distinct backgrounds).

• Nathaniel Prentiss Banks. (1816-1894)
  • "Nathl. P. Banks./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S1. Two tone lithograph.
  • "Nathl. P. Banks./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6b.

• Louis Blenker. (1812-1863)
  • "Louis Blenker./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6a. Two tone lithograph.

• Ambrose Everett Burnside. (1824-81)
  • "A.E. Burnside,/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S10.
  • "A.E. Burnside/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S14a.

• Benjamin Franklin Butler. (1818-1893)
  • "B.F. Butler./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S2.
  • "B F Butler/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S3c

• Michael Corcoran. (1827-1863)
  • "Corcoran, Col. 69th. Regt. N.Y.S.M." Background S1.

• Samuel Ryan Curtis. (1817-1866)
  • "S.R. Curtis/ Major General U.S.A." Background S3a.

• Jefferson Columbus Davis. (1828-1879)
  • "Jefferson C. Davis./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S10.

• John Adams Dix. (1798-1879)
  • "John. A. Dix./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S2.

• Ebenezer Dumont. (1814-1871)
  • "E. Dumont./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S13b.

• E(phraim) Elmer Ellsworth. (1837-1861)
  • "E.E. Ellsworth./ Col. Ellsworth's N.Y. Zouaves" Background S3b.
  • "E. Elsworth.[sic]/ Col. N.Y.Z." Background S6b.

• William Buel Franklin. (1823-1903)
  • "Wm. B. Franklin./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S3a.

• John Charles Frémont. (1813-1880)
  • "John C. Fremont./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S3a.

• Quincy Adams Gillmore. (1825-1888)
  • "Q.A. Gilmore [sic]/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• Ulysses Simpson Grant. (1822-1885)
  • "Ulysses S. Grant/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S11.
    
  Note: Early in the war, U.S. Grant wore his beard in a long, wild manner. One photograph, taken in Cairo, OH, shows this shaggy image, which Grant shortly changed by clipping his beard under direction of his wife Jessie. However, when Grant achieved fame with the victory at Vicksburg, this was one of the only images available of the General, so this long-bearded Grant appeared in many prints of the time, though by then he was close-shaved.

  To add to this confusion, it appears that there was photograph of a beef contractor, named William Grant, who also had his photograph taken about the same time in Cairo. William Grant, with his own long beard, resembled U.S. Grant and so William's photograph was often used mistakenly for that of Ulysses. This image was attributed to U.S. Grant in the illustrated newspapers of the day and also appeared as a steel engraving so labeled. (Cf. W. Fletcher Thompson, Jr. The Image of War. Pp. 119-120.)

  It is not clear if this portrait is based on the U.S. Grant Cairo photograph or the William Grant photograph. The beard is closer to that of William, but the hat appears in the Ulysses photograph. Perhaps this is an artist's attempt to combine the two different images into a composite "true" image?
  

  • "U.S. Grant/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S14a.

• Henry Wagner Halleck. (1815-1872)
  • "Henry W. Halleck/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S3e.

• Samuel Peter Heintzelman. (1805-1880)
  • "S.P. Heintzelman/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4c.
  • "S.P. Heintzelman/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S5b.
  • "S.P. Heintzelman./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6b.

• Joseph Hooker. (1814-1879)
  • "Joe. Hooker./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S10. One example with sepia tint stone.
  • "Joe. Hooker./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• David Hunter. (1802-1886)
  • "D. Hunter./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S2.

• Frederick West Lander. (1821-62)
  • "Fred. W. Lander,/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6a. With sepia tint stone.

• James Henry Lane? (1814-1866)
  • "Jim. Lane/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6a. With sepia tint stone.
  Note: It is not certain whether this is James H. Lane, who does not seem to have ever been made a Brig. General, though he was a Major General in the Kansas militia. This print might be intended to be John Quincy Lane from Ohio, who was a Brig. General.

• John Alexander Logan? (1826-1886)
  • "Joseph A. Logan./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4b.
  Note: We have found no mention of a Joseph A. Logan, so the print is probably intended to be of John A. Logan, who was a Major General.

• Nathaniel Lyon. (1818-61)
  • "Nathl. Lyon./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A./ Killed at the Battle of Springfield Mo Aug 10 1861/ After life's fitful fever, he sleeps well,/ Treason has done his worst." Background S7.

• William Haines Lytle. (1826-63)
  • "W.H. Lytle/ Colonel. Tenth Ohio." Background S13b.

• George Brinton McClellan. (1826-1885)
  • "Geo. B. Mc.Clellan./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S8. Chromolithograph.
  • "Geo. B. Mc.Clellan./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A./ And Staff." Background S14a.
  Note: Another EFC image of McClellan appears on the music sheet "En Avant!".

• John Alexander McClernand. (1812-1900)
  • "Jno. A. Mc.Clernand,/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S7.

• Alexander McDowell McCook. (1831-1903)
  • "A. Mc. D. Mc.Cook./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S13a.

• Robert Latimer McCook. (1827-1862)
  • "Robt. L. Mc.Cook/ Col. 9th. (First German) Regt./ O.V.U.S.A." Background S13b.

• Irwin McDowell. (1818-1885)
  • "Irwin Mc.Dowell,/ Maj. Genl.. U.S.A." Background S12.

• George Gordon Meade. (1815-1872)
  • "Geo. G. Meade./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A./ Commander Of The Potomac Army." Background S14a.

• Thomas Francis Meagher. (1823-67)
  • "Thos. Fr. Meagher/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S7. Two toned lithograph. Background S7.

• Minor Millikin. (d. 1863)
  • "Minor Millikin./ Co. First Ohio Cavalry." Background S13c.

• Ormsby McKnight Mitchel. (1809-1862)
  • "O.M. Mitchell [sic]/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4b.

• William Nelson. (1824-1862)
  • "William Nelson/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6b. With sepia tint stone.

• Peter Joseph Osterhaus. (1823-1917)
  • "P.J. Osterhaus/ Brig.Genl.U.S.A." Background S15.

• William Starke Rosecrans. (1819-1898)
  • "W.S. Rosecrans./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S10.
  • "W.S. Rosecrans./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• Lovell Harrison Rousseau. (1818-1869)
  • "Lovell H. Rousseau,/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S14c.

• Lovell Harrison Rousseau? (1818-1869)
  • "L.S. Rosseau/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S5a.
  Note: We have not found a L.S. Rosseau. This print may be meant as an image of L.H. Rousseau, whose last name is sometimes spelled "Rosseau."

• Robert Cumming Schenk. (1809-1890)
  • "Robert C. Schenk./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S14b.

• Carl Schurz. (1829-1906)
  • "Carl Schurz./ Maj. Gen. U.S.A." Background S5b.

• Thomas West Sherman. (1813-79)
  • "T.W. Sherman./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background N4. With sepia tint stone with detail.
  Note: There is no apparent reason why the background for this army officer has a naval theme.

• William Tecumseh Sherman. (1820-1891)
  • "W.T. Sherman./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S2.

• James Shields. (1806-1879)
  • "James Shields/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S6a. Two toned lithograph.

• Daniel Edgar Sickles. (1825-1914)
  • "Dan. E. Sickles/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• Franz Sigel. (1824-1902)
  • "Franz Sigel./ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S9. Chromolithograph.
  • "Franz Sigel./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S9. This image is from the same stone as the first version, but it is not a chromolithograph and it has more stars on the horse blanket.

• George Stoneman. (1822-1894)
  • "Geo. Stoneman./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan. (1830-1890)
  • "J.C. Sullivan./ Brig. Gen'l U.S.A." Background S3a.

• Edwin Vose Sumner. (1797-1863)
  • "E.V. Sumner/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S12.

• George Henry Thomas. (1816-1870)
  • "George H. Thomas./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S15.

• Lewis Wallace. (1827-1905)
  • "Lewis Wallace/ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S3d.

• William Harvey Lamb Wallace. (1821-62)
  • "W.H.L. Wallace/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4c. With sepia tint stone.
  • "W.Y.L. Wallace/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4c. With sepia tint stone.

• August Willich. (1810-1878)
  • "August Willich/ Brig. Genl. U.S.A." Background S5b.

• John Ellis Wool. (1789-1869)
  • "John E. Wool./ Maj. Genl. U.S.A." Background S4a Chromolithograph.

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